Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Background [ ] Following the attrition battle on the () in August–September 1921, the Greek under General retreated to a defensive line extending from the town of () to the towns of and Kara Hisâr-ı Sahib (present-day ). The Greek line formed a 700 km arc stretching in a north–south direction along difficult hilly ground with high hills, called tepes, rising out of broken terrain and was considered to be easily defensible. A single-track railway line ran from Kara Hisâr to, a fortified valley town some 30 miles (48 km) west of Kara Hisâr surrounded by the mountains Murat Dağı and Ahır Dağı, and thence to Smyrna (present-day ) on the coast. This railway was the main supply route of the Greeks. The Greek headquarters at Smyrna was effectively incapable of communicating with the front or exercising operational control. Preparations [ ]. Turkish artillerymen before the (Büyük Taarruz), August 1922. Despite pressure to attack building up at Ankara, who had been appointed Commander-in-Chief of the, waited and utilized the breathing space to strengthen his forces and split the through adroit diplomatic moves, ensuring that French and Italian sympathies lay with Turks rather than the Greeks. This diplomatically isolated the pro-Greek British. Sie suchen die Karte oder den Stadtplan von Dumlupınar? ViaMichelin bietet Ihnen die Michelin-Karte Dumlupınar mit Maßstab 1/1 000 000 bis 1/200 000. Dumlupınar ist eine Stadt und ein Landkreis der türkischen Provinz Kütahya. Die Stadt liegt etwa 65 Kilometer südlich der Provinzhauptstadt Kütahya. He finally decided to strike the Greeks in August 1922. Knowing that Turkish forces were only adequate to mount one major offensive, he strengthened the under, which was deployed against the southern flank of the Greek salient jutting out to. It was a risky gamble, because if the Greek Army counter-attacked on his weakened right flank and pivoted south, his forces would be cut off. Opposing forces [ ]. For more details on this topic, see. Greek forces [ ] The Greek forces were organized in the ', under Lieutenant General, with a total of 220,000 men in 12 infantry and 1 cavalry division. The Army HQ was located in Smyrna. The Army of Asia Minor comprised three Corps (I, II and III), under Major General (I Corps in Kara Hisâr), Major General (II Corps in Gazligöl) and Major General (III Corps in Eskişehir). It also included an independent Cavalry division and smaller regiment-sized Military Commands, mainly for interior protection and anti-guerrilla operations. Schwarzbrot in phuket. The total Greek front spanned for 713 km. Each Greek corps had 4 divisions. Ι Corps consisted of the 1st, 4th, 5th and 12th divisions. II Corps consisted of the 2nd, 7th, 9th and 13th divisions. III Corps consisted of the 3rd, 10th, 11th and the 'Independent' divisions. Each Greek division had 2–4 three-battalion regiments and 8–42 artillery pieces (artillery was redistributed between front-line and reserve divisions). Although numerically strong, the Greeks were very deficient on heavy artillery (only 40 outdated pieces existed in the entire front) and cavalry (one half-company per division). Turkish forces [ ]. Dumlupinar ÜniversitesiDumlupınar Nereye BağlıTurkish soldiers at prayer during before going to the front on 4 August 1922,, Ankara. The Turkish forces were organized in the Western Front, under Mustafa Kemal Pasha, with a total of 208,000 men in 18 infantry and 5 cavalry divisions. For the purposes of the offensive the Western Front HQ was located on Koca Tepe hill, some 15 km south of Kara Hisâr, very close to the battle lines. The consisted of the under Mirliva, based also on Kocatepe hill, the under Mirliva based in Doğlat, the Kocaeli Group under Colonel and the under Mirliva. For the purpose of the offensive, the Turkish command redistributed its forces, reinforcing the First Army. The First Army consisted of the I Corps (14th, 15th, 23rd and 57th infantry divisions), the II Corps (3rd, 4th and 7th infantry divisions) and the IV Corps (5th, 8th, 11th and 12th infantry divisions).
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